To deal with the timeout problem when the front-end calls the back-end interface, you can do it from the following aspects:
Set timeout globally or separately: Timeout problem can be avoided by setting the global setting or setting the timeout for a request separately. For example, in a Vue project, you can use a configuration file such as
config/Adjust the timeout time of axis. In addition, you can also use axios to set the network timeout globally, or set the timeout separately for specific requests.Use recursion and (): When the data volume is large, recursive addition is used
thenProcessing requests in a way can avoid the subsequent interface time being incorrect. This method can effectively manage the timeout of asynchronous requests.Front-end polling scheme: Through front-end polling, query the save status of the back-end. Only when the back-end save status is successful will the corresponding user response operation be performed. This method can solve the timeout problem caused by network instability.
Asynchronous task processing: If the backend interface processing time is long, it is recommended to convert it into asynchronous task processing to avoid blocking user operations. This can improve the user experience.
Optimize backend services: Check whether there are problems with the backend service, such as whether the service is running normally, whether the appropriate timeout is configured, etc. If the backend service timeout, consider increasing the timeout time or optimizing service performance.
Long connections and connection pools: Use long connection and connection pooling mode to reduce the overhead of HTTPS short connections and improve API call efficiency. This can also effectively reduce timeout issues in some cases.
Through the above methods, the timeout problem when the front-end calls the back-end interface can be effectively solved and the user experience can be improved.
How to configure global timeout for axios in Vue project?
Configuring the global timeout of axios in a Vue project can be achieved through the following steps:
In your Vue project, you can create an axios instance and set the default timeout. For example, you can set the timeout to 5 seconds (5000 milliseconds).
You can pass Properties to set the global request timeout. For example:
= 5000; // Set the global timeout to 5 seconds
In this way, all requests made through this axios instance will automatically apply this timeout.
If a request requires a different timeout, you can override the default timeout in the specific request configuration. For example:
('/api/slow', { timeout: 10000 }) // The timeout of this request is 10 secondsThis way, even if the global timeout is 5 seconds, this specific request will use a timeout of 10 seconds.
You can encapsulate an axios instance in a separate file and export and mount it onto a prototype of Vue. In this way, every time you modify the axios configuration, you only need to modify the corresponding file, and will not affect irrelevant functions.
What are the best practices for handling asynchronous request timeouts using recursion and ()?
Using recursion and ()Best practices for handling asynchronous request timeouts include the following steps:
Create a timeout Promise object: Create a timeout Promise object at the same time when initiating an asynchronous request. This timeout Promise object will be automatically completed or rejected within the preset time.
Use the () method: Pass the actual asynchronous request Promise and timeout Promise to
()method.()The result of the first completed Promise will be returned. If the timeout Promise is completed first, it means that the request timeout.Processing results and errors:according to
()The result returned to determine whether the request was successful or whether it timed out. If the request is successful, subsequent processing will continue; if the timeout, corresponding error processing will be performed.Recursive call (optional): If multiple requests are required to be initiated and timed out, you can use recursion to repeat the above process. For example, after each request fails, you can re-initiate the request and use it again
()to handle the timeout problem.
How is the front-end polling scheme implemented and how is it optimized to reduce the impact on the user experience?
The implementation of front-end polling schemes usually relies on JavaScript's timer functions, such assetIntervalorsetTimeout, through these methods, requests can be sent to the server regularly to check whether there is new data. The specific implementation steps are as follows:
- Make an initial request: First, the client needs to initiate an HTTP request to submit data or get the initial state.
- Start polling: After completing the initial request, the client starts sending requests regularly to query analysis results or status updates. The polling interval time can be adjusted according to actual conditions to balance response speed and resource consumption.
- Processing response: The status returned by the server needs to be correctly parsed by the client, and corresponding actions are taken based on the returned status, such as updating the UI or notifying the user of processing progress.
In order to optimize the front-end polling scheme and reduce the impact on the user experience, the following measures can be taken:
- Add exit mechanism: Define the timeout time and cancel request mechanism to avoid long-term occupation of network resources and server processing capabilities.
- Dynamically adjust the polling interval: Dynamically adjust the polling interval time according to actual conditions, reduce unnecessary repeated connections, and improve efficiency.
- Using SharedWorker: Move polling tasks to background threads (such as SharedWorker), which can avoid blocking the main thread, while sharing results on multiple pages, improving performance.
- Server Send Events (SSE): Using SSE technology, the server can actively push data to the client, reducing the client's polling frequency, thereby reducing resource consumption.
How to convert backend interfaces into asynchronous tasks to improve front-end call efficiency?
To convert the backend interface into asynchronous tasks to improve front-end call efficiency, you can refer to the following steps:
Add @Async annotation: Add on methods that need to be converted to asynchronous
@AsyncAnnotation, this way identifies that the method is an asynchronous method.Enable asynchronous support: Add on the startup class
@EnableAsyncAnnotation to enable asynchronous task support for Spring framework.Using thread pool: The execution of asynchronous tasks can be managed by configuring a thread pool, which can better control the number of concurrent executions and resource allocation.
Front-end processing mechanism: After the front-end initiates the request, it obtains a job ID and checks the status of the asynchronous task through polling or real-time subscription. When the task is completed, the front-end can get the final result.
What are the specific implementation methods for long connections and connection pools in reducing HTTPS short connection overhead?
The specific implementation methods of long connections and connection pools in reducing HTTPS short connection overhead are as follows:
How to implement long connections
Long connections can be used continuously after being established, avoiding the overhead of establishing and disconnecting each request, and reducing the latency and resource consumption of network communication. Since frequent establishment and disconnection are not required, long connections can reduce the time and resource overhead due to TCP handshake or TLS handshake.
Long connections reduce the need to establish a connection for each data interaction, thereby reducing latency and improving the efficiency of data transmission. Because long connections can make multiple requests and responses, the process of handshake is avoided for each request and reduces the amount of additional data transmission.
Long connections can maintain the session state, allowing applications to send and receive multiple HTTP requests/answers on the same TCP connection, reducing the multiple TCP connection establishment and disconnection caused by short HTTP connections.
How to implement connection pool
The connection pool reduces the overhead of repeatedly establishing network connections between clients and servers through a series of persistent connections. Opening a new connection for each request is more expensive for the server and client than keeping a small group of connections that are normally open and ready to be available. When there is a request, a pre-existing connection is allocated from the pool, and a new connection is created only if there is no connection available in the pool. Once the request is completed, the connection returns to the pool to wait for the next request to be processed.
Efficient connection pool management can be achieved using tools such as Apache HttpClient and RestTemplate. First, register the HTTP and HTTPS connection factories and build the connection pool. Then, configure the HttpConnection factory and DNS resolver and create a PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager to manage the connection pool. Next, set SocketConfig, MaxTotal, DefaultMaxPerRoute and other parameters to control the behavior of the connection pool. Finally, create an HttpClient and set relevant parameters, including connection pooling mode, idle connection recycling policy, expired connection recycling policy, connection survival time, etc.
Connection pool data sources reduce the overhead of repeatedly establishing network connections between clients and servers through a series of persistent connections. This not only improves performance, but also reduces network latency and resource consumption.
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