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Updated on 2025-05-19

MySQL error 1449: The user specified as a definer ('root'@'%') does not exist’s causes and solutions

1. Cause of error

When a database object (such as views, stored procedures, triggers, etc.) is created, MySQL records the definer of the object. If the user or host name of the definer has changed, or the definer account is deleted, an error 1449 will be triggered when trying to access these objects.

For example, suppose you have a view ​​my_view​, defined by ​​'root'@'%'​. If you delete the 'root'@'%'​​ user, then error 1449 will appear when you try to query my_view​​.

2. Check the Definer Information

First, we need to check which database objects are defined by 'root'@'%'​. You can find it through the following SQL query:

SELECT 
    TABLE_SCHEMA, 
    TABLE_NAME, 
    DEFINER 
FROM 
    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.VIEWS 
WHERE 
    DEFINER = 'root@%';

This lists all defined by​'root'@'%'​view of ​. Similarly, stored procedures and functions can be checked:

SELECT 
    ROUTINE_SCHEMA, 
    ROUTINE_NAME, 
    DEFINER 
FROM 
    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ROUTINES 
WHERE 
    DEFINER = 'root@%';

3. Solution

3.1 Recreate the user

The most direct way is to recreate the definer user. For example, if the definer is​'root'@'%'​​, you can execute the following command:

CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

3.2 Modify the Definer

If recreating the user is not feasible, you can modify the definer of the database object. Here is an example of modifying the view definer:

ALTER DEFINER=`new_user`@`%` VIEW my_view AS SELECT * FROM my_table;

For stored procedures and functions, a similar syntax can be used:

ALTER DEFINER=`new_user`@`%` PROCEDURE my_procedure ...
ALTER DEFINER=`new_user`@`%` FUNCTION my_function ...

3.3 Delete and recreate the object

If none of the above methods are feasible, consider deleting and recreating these database objects. For example, delete the view and recreate it:

DROP VIEW my_view;
CREATE VIEW my_view AS SELECT * FROM my_table;

4. Preventive measures

To avoid similar problems in the future, the following precautions can be taken:

  • Regular backup: Regularly back up the database, including user permissions and definer information.
  • User Management: Be cautious in managing user accounts, especially those with high authority.
  • Documentation: Record detailed information about the descriptor of the database object so that it can quickly find and modify it when needed.

Error ​​1449: The user specified as a definer ('root'@'%') does not exist​​ is caused by the absence of the definer user. This problem can be solved by recreating the user, modifying the definer, or deleting and recreating the object. At the same time, taking appropriate preventive measures can reduce the risk of similar problems in the future. MySQL error 1449 indicates that the specified definer user does not exist when executing a stored procedure or view. This usually happens when you try to access an object created by a user that no longer exists.

Solution

Method 1: Modify the definer

You can solve this problem by modifying the definer of stored procedures, functions, or views. Here is an example:

Suppose you have a view​my_view​​, which is defined as​'root'@'%'​​, but this user no longer exists. You can change the definer to an existing user, e.g.​'new_user'@'localhost'​​。

  1. View the definition of the view：
SHOW CREATE VIEW my_view;
  • Delete old views：
DROP VIEW IF EXISTS my_view;
  • Recreate the view：
CREATE VIEW my_view AS
SELECT * FROM my_table
WITH CHECK OPTION
DEFINER = 'new_user'@'localhost';

Method 2: Create a missing user

If you want to keep the original definer, you can create a user that matches the definer.

  • Create a user：
CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_password';
  • Grant permissions：
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Method 3: Use the SET DEFINER statement

In some cases, you may not have permission to directly modify the definer of a view or stored procedure. You can use​SET DEFINER​The statement temporarily changes the definer of the current session.

  • Set the current session definer：
SET definer = 'new_user'@'localhost';
  • Recreate or modify a view/stored procedure：
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW my_view AS
SELECT * FROM my_table
WITH CHECK OPTION;

Sample code

Suppose you have a stored procedure​my_procedure​​, which is defined as​'root'@'%'​​, but this user no longer exists. You can modify it as follows:

  • View the definition of stored procedures：
SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE my_procedure;
  • Delete old stored procedures：
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS my_procedure;
  • Recreate stored procedures：
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE my_procedure()
BEGIN
  SELECT * FROM my_table;
END //
DELIMITER ;
  • Modify the definer of stored procedures(Optional):
ALTER DEFINER = 'new_user'@'localhost' PROCEDURE my_procedure;

Choose the right method according to your specific situation. If the problem persists, it is recommended to check the permission settings of the database and the user management configuration. I encountered an error in MySQL​1449: The user specified as a definer ('root'@'%') does not exist​Usually because the definer user of a view or stored procedure does not exist in the current database. This problem can be solved in several ways, and the following are detailed:

1. Create a missing user

If the definer user should indeed exist but was deleted for some reason, the user can be recreated. For example, if you need to create​'root'@'%'​​ Users can use the following command:

CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_password';

Please note that this can pose security risks, especially if your server is publicly accessible.

2. Modify the definer of a view or stored procedure

If creating the above user is not the solution you want, or if you think the definer should be another user, you can modify the definer of the view or stored procedure. This usually involves changing the definition of a view or stored procedure. For example, suppose you have a name called​my_view​​ view, you can modify its definer like this:

ALTER DEFINER=`your_user`@`localhost` VIEW my_view AS
SELECT * FROM your_table;

Here ​​your_user​and​localhost​​ It should be replaced with the username and hostname you wish.

3. Recreate the view or stored procedure

Sometimes the easiest way is to delete and recreate the view or stored procedure. This ensures that all definition information is up to date and does not refer to non-existent users. For example, to recreate a view, you can do this:

DROP VIEW IF EXISTS my_view;
CREATE VIEW my_view AS
SELECT * FROM your_table;

For stored procedures, similarly:

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS my_procedure;
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE my_procedure()
BEGIN
  -- The logic of stored procedures
END //
DELIMITER ;

4. Check and update all relevant views and stored procedures

If you have multiple views or stored procedures that are experiencing the same problem, it may require batch processing. You can query​INFORMATION_SCHEMA.VIEWS​and​INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ROUTINES​​ table to find all affected objects and then fix them one by one.

For example, find all defined by​'root'@'%'​View of ​:

SELECT TABLE_NAME, DEFINER 
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.VIEWS 
WHERE DEFINER = 'root@%';

Then modify or rebuild these views one by one as needed.

5. Use scripts to automate processing

If you need to deal with a large number of views or stored procedures, you can write a script to automate these tasks. For example, use a simple Bash script in conjunction with MySQL command line tools to batch modify the view's definer:

#!/bin/bash
 
# Get all views defined by 'root'@'%'views=$(mysql -u your_username -p -e "SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.VIEWS WHERE DEFINER = 'root@%'")
 
for view in $views; do
  echo "Modifying view: $view"
  mysql -u your_username -p -e "ALTER DEFINER='your_user'@'localhost' VIEW $view AS SELECT * FROM your_table"
done

Please adjust the user name, password, table name and other information in the script according to the actual situation.

Through the above methods, you should be able to effectively solve the problem​1449: The user specified as a definer ('root'@'%') does not exist​​ Error.

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