I. Arithmetic operators
| operator (computing) |
|---|
| + |
| - |
| * |
| / |
| % |
| ** (power)square a number |
| // (divide, round down) e.g. 9//2 = 4 |
II. Comparison operators
| operator (computing) |
|---|
| == |
| != |
| <> (not equal, similar! =) |
| < |
| > |
| >= |
| <= |
#Examples: x = 10 y = 20 print(x > y) # False print(x < y) # True print(x >= y) # False print(x <= y) # True print(x == y) # False print(x != y) # True
III. Assignment operators
| operator (computing) |
|---|
| = |
| += |
| -= |
| *= |
| /= |
| %= |
| **= |
| //= |
x = 10 # (unary assignment operator) y = 20 # x = x+y # x += y x += y # (binary assignment operator) x += 10 print(x) x -= y print(x) x *= y print(x) x /= y print(x) x **= y # x = x**y print(x) y //= x # x = x//y print(y) x %= y # x = x%y print(x)
IV. Logical operators
Mainly used for logical judgment, bool, loop, etc., return True or False (binary operator)
| operator (computing) |
|---|
| and |
| or |
| not |
and(and), true if both conditions are true, otherwise both are False.
print(1>1 and 2>3) # False print(10>1 and False) # False
or, as long as one of them is true, it is true, otherwise it is False.
age = 18
inp_age= input('age:')
print(age==inp_age or True) # True
print(True or False) # True
print(False or False) # False
not
print(not True) # False print(not False) # True
V. Identity operators
Identity operator is used to compare the storage units of two elemental objects, by comparing the two id returns a boolean value
Note that.ids with the same value are not necessarily the same, ids with the same value are necessarily the same
| operator (computing) | descriptive | an actual example |
|---|---|---|
| is | is is to determine whether the two identifiers refer to a single object, similar to ==. | x is y (returns a bool value) |
| is not | is not is to determine whether the two identifiers refer to different objects, similar to! = | x is not y (returns a bool value) |
x=1000 y=1000 print(id(x)) print(id(y)) print(x is y) # False print(x is not y) # True print(not x is y) #False
VI. Bitwise operators
The per-position operator that treats numbers as binary to perform calculations is the following per-position algorithm in python:
Here is the variable a is 60 and b is 13.The binary format is as follows:
a = 0011 1100 b = 0000 1101 a&b = 0000 1100 a|b = 0011 1101 a^b = 0011 0001 ~a = 1100 0011
| operator (computing) | descriptive | an actual example |
|---|---|---|
| & | Bitwise and operator: two values are involved in the operation, if both corresponding bits are 1, the result of the bit is 1, otherwise it is 0. | (a&b) The output result is 12, which is interpreted in binary as: 0000 1100| |
| | | Bitwise or operator: Whenever one of the corresponding binary bits is 1, the result bit is 1. | (a|b) Output result 61, binary interpretation: 0011 1101 |
| ^ | Bitwise different or operator: when the two corresponding binary bits are different, the result is 1 | （The output of (a^b) is 49, which is interpreted in binary as: 0011 0001 |
| ~ | Bitwise inversion operator: inverts each binary bit of data, i.e., turns a 0 into a 1 and a 1 into a 0.~x is analogous to -x-1. | (~a) Output result bit -61, binary interpretation: 1100 0011, in a signed binary complement form. |
| << | Left Shift Operator: Each binary bit of the operator is shifted to the left by a number of bits, the number of bits shifted is specified by the number to the right of << the higher bit is discarded and the lower bit is filled with zeros. | a<<2, the output result is 240, the binary interpretation is: 1111 0000 |
| >> | Right-shift operator: shifts each binary digit of the operator to the left of >> all to the right by a number of bits; the number to the right of >> specifies the number of bits shifted. | a>>2 The output result is 15, which is interpreted in binary as: 0000 1111 |
VII. Membership operators
In addition to some of the above operators, python supports membership operators, and the test examples contain a range of members, including strings, lists, or tuples.
| operator (computing) | descriptive | an actual example |
|---|---|---|
| in | True if the value meal is found in the specified sequence, otherwise returns False. | x is in the sequence of y, x in y returns True |
| not in | Returns True if no value is found in the specified sequence, False otherwise. | x is not in the sequence of y, x not iny Returns True |
VIII. Prioritization of python operators
| operator (computing) | descriptive |
|---|---|
| ** | Index (highest priority) |
| ~ +- | Flip by bit, one-dollar plus and minus signs (the methods for the last two are named +@ and -@) |
| */%// | Multiplying, dividing, modulo (remainder), taking integer divisions |
| +- | addition and subtraction |
| >> << | Right shift and left shift operators |
| & | Bit 'AND' |
| ^| | bitwise operator (computing) |
| <=,<,>,>= | comparison operator |
| <>,==,!= | equality operator |
| =，%=，/=，//=，**=，*=，+=，-= | equality operator |
| is,is not | identity operator |
| in，not in | membership operator |
| not ，and，or | logical operator |
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